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Surveying is the art and science of accurately determining the position of points and the distances between them. These points are usually, but not exclusively, associated with positions on the surface of the Earth, and are often used to establish land boundaries for ownership or governmental purposes. There are various types of surveying, including land survey, geodetic survey, topographical survey, engineering survey, and aerial survey. Surveying requires a number of specialized instruments. The most important of all surveying instruments is the total station, also called a theodolite, which is a small telescope set up on a tripod (three legged stand) with attached horizontal and vertical angles. Surveyors often purchase their instruments from survey instrument wholesalers.
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